Political Ad Sleuth We Watch.
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The Explainer · Signature

Follow the Money

One dollar. Four hops. From the donor who writes the check to the ad that interrupts your evening — here's the whole route, drawn to scale.

Donors→Committees→Buyers→Ads
Small-dollar donors → Campaigns & party cmtes: 18%Small-dollar donors → Super PACs: 4%Major donors → Campaigns & party cmtes: 12%Major donors → Super PACs: 10%Major donors → 501(c)(4)s (dark money): 6%Corporations & unions → Campaigns & party cmtes: 2%Corporations & unions → Super PACs: 6%Corporations & unions → 501(c)(4)s (dark money): 8%Campaigns & party cmtes → Broadcast & cable: 18%Campaigns & party cmtes → Digital & connected TV: 14%Super PACs → Broadcast & cable: 8%Super PACs → Digital & connected TV: 12%501(c)(4)s (dark money) → Broadcast & cable: 8%501(c)(4)s (dark money) → Digital & connected TV: 6%Small-dollar donors: 22%Small-dollar donorsMajor donors: 28%Major donorsCorporations & unions: 16%Corporations & unionsCampaigns & party cmtes: 32%Campaigns & party cmtesSuper PACs: 20%Super PACs501(c)(4)s (dark money): 14%501(c)(4)s (dark money)Broadcast & cable: 34%Broadcast & cableDigital & connected TV: 32%Digital & connected TVDONORSCOMMITTEESCHANNELS

Illustrative flow of a political dollar — hover any ribbon to trace one path. See How We Count →

01

Donors give

Individuals, corporations and unions contribute — some capped and disclosed, some not.

02

Committees pool

Campaigns, party committees, Super PACs and 501(c)(4)s collect and hold the funds.

03

Buyers place

Media-buying firms negotiate rates and book the inventory across channels.

04

Ads run

Broadcast, cable, digital and connected TV — where the money finally lands.

Ad Spending · Explainer

Where the Ad Money Actually Goes

Split any illustrative buy into its channels and the same shape appears — broadcast still leads, but the digital slice grows every cycle.

Broadcast TV: 41%Broadcast TV41%Connected TV / video: 27%Connected TV / video27%Search & social: 18%Search & social18%Cable: 9%Cable9%Radio: 3%Radio3%Print & other: 2%Print & other2%
Ad Spending · Trend

TV Is Down, Digital Is Up

Watch the two lines cross. The channel that defined a generation of campaigns is handing the lead to screens you scroll.

0255075100Broadcast & cable · −4: 78%Broadcast & cable · −3: 71%Broadcast & cable · −2: 62%Broadcast & cable · −1: 54%Broadcast & cable · Now: 46%Digital & connected TV · −4: 12%Digital & connected TV · −3: 20%Digital & connected TV · −2: 29%Digital & connected TV · −1: 38%Digital & connected TV · Now: 47%−4−3−2−1NowBroadcast & cableDigital & connected TV

By the numbers

◔ Illustrative · see How We Count
$16.0BProjected political ad spend, illustrative cycle
62%Share flowing to digital & connected TV
$4.1BDisclosed independent-expenditure spending
11k+Registered lobbying entities
Where the Ad Money Actually Goes
Ad Spending · Flagship

Where the Ad Money Actually Goes

Billions move through a handful of channels before a single spot airs. We trace the buy from committee to broadcast — and show why the mix is shifting.

The Sleuth Desk · 8 min read →
Abstract dollar / data visual
PACs & Dark Money

Dark Money, Explained

Why some spending never traces back to a name — and what disclosure would change.

Read the guide →

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How We Count

Figures are illustrative composites from public disclosure filings and published industry estimates, rounded for clarity. We model no single race, party, or candidate, and pin nothing to a specific cycle. Read the method →

The Ledger

Digging into disclosure too.

Organisations whose work intersects with money in politics.